ABSTRACT
In this study, the existing challenge about the association of construal level and temporal distance was examined. Doing so, the effect of two types of educational intervention on progress of decision making stages in students with premenstrual syndrome [PMS] was studied, based on theoretical concepts of construal level. The present study is a randomized field trial research conducted on 1578 high school students. A total of 255 students in the second stage of the precaution adoption process model were chosen randomly. They then went through educational intervention based on either low or high construal levels of relaxation method. Subjects in the intervention group showed a higher decision-making stage progression than in control group [p<0.001]. The two-stage progression was significantly salient in low construal level-based intervention group [p=0.012]. None of the demographic, premenstrual, and premenstrual syndrome severity characteristics were related to this progression. Inducing low construal level causes an individual shift toward desired action more rapidly. That is, there is a correlation between construal level and temporal distance. To accelerate the adoption of any health behavior, temporal distance can be taken as a basic and essential topic
ABSTRACT
The current research is performed to compare the effectiveness of two methods of cognitive behavior therapy and mindfulness based therapy in decreasing symptoms of patients who suffer from irritable bowel syndrome. This was a quasi-experimental design study that consisted of an experimental group subdivided into two groups [pre- and final test] and a control group. Based on convenience sampling we randomly assigned 36 persons, 20 males and 16 females, n=12 per group, micro=32 years of age, to one of the three groups. Irritable bowel syndrome symptoms significantly decreased between the two treatment groups and the control group [p<0.05], which we attributed to the benefits of mindfulness based therapy. Therapists should consider modern psychotherapy techniques such as mindfulness based therapy as potential methods for decreasing the clinical symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Older techniques are not always perfect or effective.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Mindfulness , Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate computer game's effectiveness in mentally retarded persons. This study was a clinical trial [2004-2005], in which two centers of mentally retarded residential institutions in Tehran were selected on the base of willing to cooperate and easy access. Randomly one of them assigned to case group and the other to control group. And 30 persons selected from each, randomly. Computer game programs were implemented in 12 3-sessional weeks. Attention score calculated using Toulouse-Pieron test, in three sessions: pre intervention, exactly after intervention and 5 weeks after intervention. Descriptive analysis, T test and one way ANOVA, and Repeated measure were used respectively for demographic date, comparing groups and attention score comparing in different sessions. Statistic operations were performed using IBM SPSS 19. The results showed that exactly after intervention, mean attention score was 19.33 and 9.09 respectively in case and control group. The intervention had a significant impact on the attention score [F[1.3, 75.2]=13.7, P<0.001]. And in the stage 3 a decline in the attention score of case group was seen. We can conclude that computer game intervention for 35 sessions could affect mentally retarded person's attention score. But this attention score would be going to decline, 5 weeks after intervention. So this intervention wasn't durable